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Viktor Yakovlevich Bunyakovsky ((ロシア語:Ви́ктор Я́ковлевич Буняко́вский); , Bar, Russian Empire – , St. Petersburg, Russian Empire) was a Russian mathematician, member and later vice president of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences. He worked in theoretical mechanics and number theory (see: Bunyakovsky conjecture), and is credited with an early discovery of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality, proving it for the infinite dimensional case in 1859, many years prior to Hermann Schwarz's works on the subject. ==Biography== Viktor Yakovlevich Bunyakovsky, noted as an eminent mathematician of the 19th century, was born in Bar, Russian Empire in 1804. Viktor Ya. Bunyakovsky was a son of Colonel Yakov Vasilievich Bunyakovsky.〔http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830904842.html〕 Bunyakovsky obtained his initial mathematical education at the home of his father's friend, Count Alexander Tormasov in St. Petersburg. In 1820, he joined the count's son in traveling to a university in Coburg and subsequently to the Sorbonne in Paris in France to study mathematics. At the Sorbonne, Bunyakovsky had the opportunity to attend lectures from Laplace, Poussin, and Fourier, among others. He spent the most time studying and doing research in mathematics and physics with Cauchy.〔http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830904842.html〕 In 1824, Bunyakovsky received his bachelor's degree from Sorbonne in Paris in France. He wrote three doctoral dissertations under Cauchy's supervision at Sorbonne in Paris in France as of Spring, 1825: 1) Rotary motion in a resistant medium of a set of plates of constant thickness and defined contour around an axis inclined with respect to the horizon; 2) The determination of the radius vector in elliptical motion of planets; 3) The propagation of heat in solids. He successfully completed his dissertation on theoretical mechanics and mathematical physics, and received his doctorate under Cauchy supervision at Sorbonne in Paris in France.〔http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Bunyakovsky.html〕 Bunyakovsky returned to St. Petersburg in 1826 and took up teaching and research, which he pursued for much of his life. In addition to the university courses in analytical mathematics, differential equations, and probability theory, he was also active in preparing syllabi and teaching manuals for Russian schools and military academies. He lectured on mathematics and mechanics at the First Cadet Corps (later the Naval Academy) and at the Communications Institute in St. Petersburg, Russia. From 1846 to 1880, he was a professor at St. Petersburg University in St. Petersburg, Russia.〔http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830904842.html〕 Alongside his teaching responsibilities, Bunyakovsky made significant scientific contributions in number theory and probability theory. His scientific interests included:〔http://www.imath.kiev.ua/~syta/bunyak/〕 1. Mathematical physics; 2. Condensed matter physics; 3. Mathematical analysis; 4. Number theory; 5. Theory of probability and its applications; 6. Differential equations; 7. Actuarial mathematics; 8. Mathematics education with the focus on the mathematical terminology. He worked in theoretical mechanics and number theory (see: Bunyakovsky conjecture), and is credited with an early discovery of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality, proving it for the infinite dimensional case in 1859, many years prior to Hermann Schwarz's research on the subject. Bunyakovsky is an author of the book, titled: "Foundations of the mathematical theory of probability," which was published in 1846.〔http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF00389432#〕 Bunyakovsky published around 150 research papers.〔http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830904842.html〕 Bunyakovsky became a member of the precursor organization to the Russian Academy of Sciences. He was named an adjunct in mathematics (1828), an extraordinary academician (1830), and an ordinary academician (1841). He was elected to the post of the Vice President of the Russian Academy of Sciences by 1864. He was a Vice-President of the St-Petersburg Academy of Sciences for 25 years (1864–1889). In 1875, the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences issued a medal and established a prize, bearing Bunyakovsky's name, for his outstanding mathematical research. Bunyakovsky is well known as one of the founders of the St-Petersburg scientific school of thinking on number theory and probability theory. The Bunyakovsky International Conference was conducted in the City of Kyiv in Ukraine in 2004, and a tour to the Bar, Ukraine was organized for all the conference participants.〔http://www.imath.kiev.ua/~syta/bunyak/〕 There is a street named after Bunyakovsky,〔http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF00389432#〕 in Bar, Ukraine. Viktor O. Ledenyov a famous physicist〔http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012arXiv1206.4426L〕〔http://arxiv.org/abs/1206.4426〕〔http://arxiv.org/find/all/1/all:+ledenyov/0/1/0/all/0/1〕 and an econophysicist〔http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/search/search.asp?ft=ledenyov〕〔https://ideas.repec.org/cgi-bin/htsearch?q=ledenyov〕〔http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/cgi/search/archive/advanced?screen=Search&dataset=archive&_action_search=Search&documents_merge=ALL&documents=&title_merge=ALL&title=&creators_name_merge=ALL&creators_name=ledenyov&abstract_merge=ALL&abstract=&keywords_merge=ALL&keywords=&subjects_merge=ANY&date=&satisfyall=ALL&order=-date%2Fcreators_name%2Ftitle〕 was born in a private house on the Bunyakovsky Street in Bar, Ukraine in 1971. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Viktor Bunyakovsky」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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